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First-party logistics (1PL): The manufacturer or supplier handles their own logistics and distribution. This can include shipping, storing, and distributing their own products.
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Second-party logistics (2PL): Specializes in one activity, such as managing warehouses, transports, and goods handling.
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Third-party logistics (3PL): The most common type of logistics model, 3PLs manage the entire supply chain, including warehousing, order fulfillment, customs services, and packaging.
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Fourth-party logistics (4PL): Optimizes the supply chain, including warehousing, freight forwarders, and customs.
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Fifth-party logistics (5PL): Combines 3PL and 4PL, and also provides strategic support and advice to customers. 5PL providers can also offer services like management consulting, process analysis, and project management.
